What are the symptoms of dehydration

 11 warning signs of dehydration.

1. Bad Breath:

 Sometimes bad breath can be an indicator of poor water intake. If you aren't getting enough water, you will be able to tell by your breath.If brushing your teeth does not take care of the breath issue, then try increasing your water intake.

2. Dry Skin:

Dry skin as a major sign of dehydration, and i'm sure you can see why. With little hydration, our body has to properly utilize the little bit of water it has.

Sadly our skin gets left out because it needs it more for other organs. 

3. Muscle Cramps

 The hotter you get the more likely you are to get muscle cramps, and that's a pure heat effect, on the muscles. As the muscles work harder, and harder they can seize up from the heat itself. Changes in the electrolytes, changes in the sodium, and potassium can lead to muscle cramping as well.

4. Fever and Chills:

 If your body is severely dehydrated ,you will experience major fever and chills. Cold sweats are a huge side effect of dehydration.

5. Food Cravings:

 If you are waking up during the night craving a twinkie like a primal animal, something probably isn't right. Sweet cravings and salty cravings are both side effects of severe dehydration.

6. Headaches:

 Dehydration can cause headaches, because your brain sits, in the fluid to keep it from hitting your skull. The fluid sac your brain sits in can become depleted from dehydration, thus causing headaches.

 7. Dark Yellow Urine:

 When you are dehydrated, you will not be using the bathroom very frequently. Also when you finally do use the bathroom your urine is a dark yellow, and even almost brown sometimes. 

8.Your Back and Joints Hurt: 

Aches and pains are major signs, that you are dehydrated. If you are experiencing constant aches, and pains, especially in your back, you might be dehydrated.This is because our body's cartilage is made up of over eighty percent water.

9. High Blood Pressure:

 High blood pressure is a sign of dehydration, because your blood becomes thicker, making it harder to pump around the body.

10. High Cholesterol: 

A lack of hydration will also cause your cholesterol to spike. This is because there is no fluid replacement for salt and other substances we consume.

11. You can't think clearly: 

Mass dehydration will even cause you to become confused. If you just feel like you aren't thinking like yourself, you might be dehydrated. It can even cause your brain to shrink.

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Symptoms of heart disease

 Most people think the symptoms of heart disease are obvious a sudden crushing feeling in the chest and shooting pains down the arm.But in actual fact there are many early warning signs that can be disguised as less obvious issues. So keeping an eye out for them can help you detect a heart problem early. Here are four hidden signs to watch out for.

1. Swollen Feet 

Your shoes might feel tight or your feet feel sore and visibly swollen with no obvious explanation. This might be accompanied by sudden weight gain around the feet ankles and legs heart disease can slow down the blood flowing out of the heart. Which causes fluid to build up in the tissues of the legs.

 2. Non-chest pain 

Heart problems don't just cause chest pain. The pain can also be felt in the shoulders arms elbows jaw or neck. This is known as referred pain and it can occur when strong pain messages running along the nerves overwhelm nearby nerves causing pain to be felt elsewhere.

3. Random Dizziness 

Random dizziness lightheartedness or feeling faint at random times can point to problems like an irregular heart rhythm or even a heart attack. Which can cause a reduced blood flow to the brain. 

5. Memory Loss 

A subtle sign memory loss and muddled thinking might first be noticed by friends or family before you do. Heart problems can restrict blood flow to the brain resulting in issues such as memory loss.

 If you experience any of these symptoms then visit your doctor as soon as possible. Don't be alarmed many of these symptoms are easily explained and could be unrelated to your heart's health. However knowing what to look for can help you identify heart problems quickly and get the treatments you need.

 

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Type 2 Diabetes (Symptoms and Treatments)

 

Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which your blood sugar level is too high.After you eat foods that contain carbohydrates,chemicals in your small intestine break them down into single sugar molecules called glucose.Next, the cells lining your small intestine absorb the glucose, which passes into the bloodstream.When the blood reaches your pancreas,beta cells inside the pancreas detect the rising glucose levels.To reduce the glucose level, your beta cells release insulin into your bloodstream.As the blood circulates through your body,the insulin and glucose exit the bloodstream into your tissues to reach your body's cells.Most cells of the body have certain receptors on their surface that bind to the circulating insulin.Insulin acts like a key in a lock to open up the cell so that the circulating glucose can get inside the cell.Now, your cell can use the glucose to produce the energy it needs to function properly.

Causes of Type 2  Diabetes:

If you have type 2 diabetes, either your pancreas does not produce enough insulin or your body's cells

•  resist its effects 
• or both.

If you have insulin resistance, your insulin cannot unlock the cells to let glucose in because the locks,called receptors, are abnormal or missing. As a result, glucose is locked out of your cells.Consequently, the amount of glucose builds up in your bloodstream in a condition called hyperglycemia.To compensate for hyperglycemia, your pancreas produces more and more insulin.Your overworked beta cells try to keep up with the demand,but gradually lose their ability to produce enough insulin.

Hyperglycemia and the lack of insulin causes "classic" symptoms of diabetes:

Due to hyperglycemia and the lack of insulin, you may experience the following classic symptoms of diabetes-- 

• Excessive hunger
• Excessive thirst
• Increased urine volume
• Unexplained weight loss

Long Term Symptoms of type 2 diabetes :

 Symptoms of type 2 diabetes that may appear over time Include

• Fatigue
• Recurrent infections
• Changes in vision
• Itching
• Tingling or prickling
• Sensations in your skin.

Life threatening complications of type 2 diabetes:

Life threatening complications of type 2 diabetes include 

• Diabetic ketoacidosis. 
• Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome.
• Hypoglycemia.

If you don't receive treatment for hyperglycemia,diabetic ketoacidosis can result.Because you no longer have enough insulin circulating in your blood, your cells can't get the glucose they need to produce energy. As a result, your body turns to fats and proteins as an alternative source of energy. During the fat breakdown process,certain byproducts, known as ketone bodies,accumulate in your blood, resulting in a condition called ketosis. If ketones build up to dangerously high levels in your bloodstream, you may develop diabetic ketoacidosis,or DKA, which can lead to coma and death.Another complication resulting from failure to treat hyperglycemia is called hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome, or HHNS.

As the insulin deficiency continues,your blood glucose level increases.In response, your kidneys filter excess glucose out of the blood into urine, along with large amounts of water.

Unless you consume large amounts of water,your kidneys cannot keep up with the demand of removing the glucose from your bloodstream and diluting it sufficiently in urine. As a result, your blood becomes much more concentrated than normal, a condition called hyperosmolarity. Hyperosmolarity pulls water out of your body tissues into your bloodstream, causing severe dehydration,which may lead to hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome.

Neurological symptoms, such as seizures and coma, can occur.If you take an excessive dose of diabetic medication you may experience an acute complication called hypoglycemia or insulin shock. Excessive insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication causes too much glucose to go into cells,leaving an insufficient amount in your bloodstream.Certain organs, such as the brain,need a constant energy supply to function properly.Because the brain's primary source of energy is glucose,it is the first organ affected by lower glucose levels.When your brain cells, called neurons,are starved for glucose, they start to malfunction,causing symptoms such as nervousness, shakiness,and confusion.If your glucose level continues to drop,the electrical activity of your neurons diminishes significantly, resulting in seizures or diabetic coma.

Long term health problem of high glucose:

Over time, chronic poorly controlled type 2 diabetes can cause degenerative tissue damage,

resulting in long term complications such as :

• Atherosclerosis,
•  Blindness, 
• Neuropathy,
• Renal failure.

Treatment for Type 2 diabates:

To avoid the complications of type 2 diabetes,you can take steps to keep your glucose level within a normal range using a combination of 

• Blood glucose monitoring, 
• Healthy diet, 
• Regular exercise,
• Medications as necessary.

You will need to check the level of glucose in your blood frequently with a glucometer. To do this, you will prick your finger with a small needle called a lancet and place a drop of blood on the strip attached  to the glucometer.Based on your blood glucose level,you may need to adjust your meals, physical activity,

or medication dose.

Dietary management of Type 2 diabetes:

Eating a healthy diet will help to lower your glucose level when you 

• Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
• Have meals and snacks about the same time every day
• Consume the right balance of carbohydrates, proteins,and fat.
• Minimize your intake of high sugar foods.

Exercise therapy in type 2 diabetes:

Getting regular exercise-- even just 30 minutes a day:

• Will lower your blood glucose level.
• Decrease insulin resistance.
• May lead to weight loss.

You may need to take one or more diabetic medications to help lower blood glucose.Some of these medications increase insulin production in your pancreas.Others decrease insulin resistance  in your skeletal muscles.Some treatments increase insulin sensitivity in certain tissues.Others promote a slight decrease in absorption of glucose in your digestive system.

If your type 2 diabetes cannot be controlled with diet,exercise, and oral medications, your doctor may prescribe.insulin and train you to inject it just under your skin.

By treating and controlling your blood glucose level, you may prevent the occurrence of complications from type 2 diabetes.

 

 

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Type 1 Diabetes ( Symptoms and Treatments)

 

Type 1 diabetes is a condition in which your pancreas does not produce insulin, a hormone your body needs to maintain proper blood sugar levels. After you eat foods that contain carbohydrates,chemicals in your small intestine break them down into single sugar molecules called glucose.

Next, the cells lining your small intestine absorb the glucose,which passes into the bloodstream.When the blood reaches your pancreas, beta cells inside the pancreas detect the rising glucose levels.The beta cells release insulin into your bloodstream to reduce glucose levels and to keep your blood glucose in a healthy range.Most cells of the body have certain receptors on their surface that bind to the circulating insulin.Insulin acts like a key in a lock to open up the cell so that the circulating glucose can get inside the cell.

Now, your cell can use the glucose to produce the energy it needs to function properly.If you have type 1 diabetes, your pancreatic beta cells lose their ability to produce insulin,resulting in high blood glucose levels and other complications.

In type 1 diabetes, your immune system, specifically your white blood cells, mistake your pancreatic beta cells for foreign invaders. In an autoimmune response, your white blood cells secrete auto antibodies that destroy your own beta cells. As a result, your pancreas produces little or no insulin.

Without insulin, glucose cannot get into your cells, so they are starved for the calories they should be receiving from glucose.In addition, the glucose level builds up in your bloodstream, resulting in a condition called hyperglycemia. 

Symptoms of Hyperglycemia in type 1 :

Common symptoms of hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes include:

• Excessive hunger
• Excessive thirst
• Frequent urination
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Irritability
• Blurry vision

If hyperglycemia is not treated, you can become severely ill.Because you don't have enough insulin circulating in your blood, your cells can't use glucose for energy.As a result, your body breaks down your fat and protein stores as an alternative source of energy.As fat breakdown continues, certain byproducts, known as ketone bodies, accumulate in the blood,resulting in a condition called ketosis. When ketones build up to dangerously high levels,a life-threatening condition called diabetic keto acidosis results.

Long Term Life Problem of High Glucose:

If your blood glucose remains high over time, long term health problems can occur, such as:

• Atherosclerosis;
• Blindness;
• Nerve damage;
• Kidney disease.

Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes:

If you have type 1 diabetes, your goal is to keep your blood glucose within a normal range.This is done through a combination of proper 

• Insulin Therapy
• Monitoring your blood glucose, 
• Eating a healthy diet 
• Getting regular exercise.

Because your pancreas no longer produces insulin,you will need to take insulin to replace what your body should be making.A licensed healthcare professional can train you to inject the insulin just under the skin.You will need to give yourself injections several times each day,

and rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage and absorption problems.

Another way to get insulin is through an insulin pump, which is attached to your body and delivers insulin through a tube implanted just under your skin.

You will need to check the level of glucose in your blood several times a day with a gluco meter. To do this, you will prick your finger with a small needle called a lancet,and place a drop of blood in the glucometer .Knowledge of your blood glucose level allows you to adjust your insulin dose, calories you eat during meals, and physical activity.

You will need to eat a healthy diet and get regular exercise to manage your glucose level

and reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease.

 

 

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What are the early symptoms of pregnancy?

 What are the early signs of pregnancy early signs can differ from woman to woman and pregnancy - pregnancy you may notice some of these symptoms or even none at all. 

1.Missed period 

The only way to know for sure if you are pregnant is to take a pregnancy test. One missed period.Often missing your period is the first sign. But you might see a little light spotting around the time you'd usually have your period as the fertilized egg implants in your womb. See your doctor if you're concerned about any bleeding.

 2. Tiredness

 You may feel very tired in the first few weeks of pregnancy, thought to be due to rising levels of progesterone which maintains the lining of your womb to support pregnancy.

3.Morning sickness

 You might start feeling sick or even vomiting between the second to the eighth week of pregnancy. It can happen at any time of the day or night and even lasts all the time though it usually passes by the 16th week.

 4. Going to the Toilet more often 

from around 8 weeks you may feel the need to urinate more often as your wound grows larger and starts to press on your bladder. At around 12 weeks your wound rises up into your abdomen taking some pressure off your bladder!

 5. Mood swings

 You're changing hormones may cause some mood swings in the early stages of pregnancy. You could even find yourself crying without really knowing why.

 6. Food cravings and Aversions 

You may go off things like tea coffee or fatty foods and might even start to crave things you don't normally like. you could feel sick when you smell certain things - such as meat or alcohol.

7. Cramps

 you may get leg or foot cramps in the first trimester and sometimes even later into pregnancy due to changes in the way your body managers calcium.

why not to take a home pregnancy test?

 Whether you get any of these first signs of pregnancy or none of them at all a fast way to find out for sure whether or not you're pregnant is to take a home pregnancy test

 

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The psychology of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTDS)

 Many of us will experience some kind of trauma during our lifetime.Sometimes, we escape with no long-term effects. But for millions of us, those experiences linger, causing symptoms like

• Flashbacks
• Nightmares
• Negative thoughts that interfere with everyday life

This phenomenon, called post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD,isn’t a personal failing; rather, it’s a treatable malfunction of certain biological mechanisms that allow us to cope with dangerous experiences.

To understand PTSD, we first need to understand how the brain processes a wide range of ordeals,

• Including the death of a loved one
• Domestic violence
• Injury or illness
• Abuse
• Rape
• War
• Car accidents
• Natural disasters

These events can bring on feelings of danger and helplessness,which activate the brain’s alarm system, known as the “fight-flight-freeze” response.When this alarm sounds,

the hypothalamic, pituitary, and adrenal systems,known as the HPA axis,work together to send signals to the autonomic nervous system. That’s the network that communicates with adrenal glands and internal organs to help regulate functions like heart rate,digestion, and respiration.

These signals start a chemical cascade that floods the body with several different stress hormones, causing physiological changes that prepare the body to defend itself.

Our heart rate speeds up,breathing quickens,and muscles tense.Even after a crisis is over,

escalated levels of stress hormones may last for days,contributing to jittery feelings,

nightmares,and other symptoms.For most people, these experiences disappear within a few days to two weeks as their hormone levels stabilize.But a small percentage of those who experience trauma have persistent problems. Sometimes vanishing temporarily only to resurface months later.

We don’t completely understand what’s happening in the brain,but one theory is that the stress hormone cortisol may be continuously activating the “fight-flight-freeze” response

while reducing overall brain functioning, leading to a number of negative symptoms.

These symptoms often fall into four categories: 

• Intrusive thoughts, like dreams and flashbacks
• Avoiding reminders of the trauma, negative thoughts and feelings, like fear, anger, and guilt
• "Reactive” symptoms like irritability and difficulty sleeping.

Not everyone has all these symptoms,or experiences them to the same extent and intensity.

When problems last more than a month, PTSD is often diagnosed.

• Genetics
• On-going overwhelming stress
• Many risk factors like preexisting mental illnesses
• Lack of emotional support

Likely play a role in determining who will experience PTSD. But the underlying cause is still a medical mystery. A major challenge of coping with PTSD is sensitivity to triggers,physical and emotional stimuli that the brain associates with the original trauma.These can be everyday sensations that aren’t inherently dangerous but prompt powerful physical and emotional reactions.

For example, the smell of a campfire could evoke the memory of being trapped in a burning house.

For someone with PTSD,that memory activates the same neuro chemical cascade

as the original event.That then stirs up the same feelings of panic and helplessness as if they’re experiencing the trauma all over again.Trying to avoid these triggers, which are sometimes unpredictable,can lead to isolation.That can leave people feeling invalidated,

ignored,or misunderstood,like a pause button has been pushed on their lives

while the rest of the world continues around them.But, there are options.If you think you might be suffering from PTSD, the first step is an evaluation with a mental health professional

who can direct you towards the many resources available.Psychotherapy can be very effective for PTSD, helping patients better understand their triggers.And certain medications can make symptoms more manageable, as can self- care practices, like mindfulness and regular exercise.

What if you notice signs of PTSD in a friend or family member?

Social support, acceptance, and empathy are key to helping and recovery.Let them know you believe their account of what they’re experiencing,and that you don’t blame them for their reactions.If they’re open to it,encourage them to seek evaluation and treatment.

PTSD has been called “the hidden wound”because it comes without outward physical signs.

But even if it’s an invisible disorder, it doesn’t have to be a silent one.

 

 

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Lose Weight Lose Belly Fat And Side Fat In 5 Days Without Training Without Diet

 

Today i have prepared for you a powerful drink to lose belly fat.We will need the 

Celery.

Celery thanks to its richness in water and detoxifying effects is a slimming ally.

It eliminates toxins. It is diuretic, limits water retention , promotes elimination of fat and calories , contributes to the good functioning of immune system.

Celery is rich in dietary fiber , in water , in calcium , in potassium , in vitamin B1 ,B9. It is an excellent burn fats , limit the formation of cellulite.

2 or 3 stalks of celery.

CUNCUMBER 

Cucumber is very rich in water and therefore low in calories. It has draining properties and detox . Thus allowing to fight against water retention and promoting satiety Rich in fiber. It contributes to the good functioning of intestinal transit. It is also a good natural calming stress and anxiety antiseptics.

half of a large cucumber.

1 Citron

Lemon stimulates the production of bile ,puzzles and digestive juices , as well its consumption stimulates the metabolism. Lemon helps digestion and keep better energy level. Boosts the system and defenses immune. Improves health.

Put all things into juicer and blend it. This prepared amount can be drunk in just 1 day , but in 2 or 3 times drink a certain amount before each meal.

Do it for 5 days, the results will be surprisingly , you will lose about 1 kg per day.

 

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What is High Blood Pressure?

 

What is High Blood Pressure? Also called hypertension, it is one of the most common medical conditions worldwide, yet because it rarely has noticeable symptoms, around half of those with the condition don’t know they have it. This is a problem because, if untreated, high blood pressure can lead to serious medical problems. But what is blood pressure anyway? 

The heart pumps blood around the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients through a system of pipes, called blood vessels. As the blood flows through our bodies it creates a force against the wall of the blood vessels, called the blood pressure. This force  rises and falls with every heartbeat: 

• It is highest during systole when the heartbeats, 
• And is lowest during diastole, when the heart relaxes in-between beats. 

A blood pressure reading, therefore, includes two numbers.

•  A normal systolic blood pressure is between 90 and 120, 
•  And normal diastolic blood pressure is between 60 and 80. 

A reading regularly above 140 over 90  is called high blood pressure or hypertension. Our blood pressure goes up and down throughout the  day, depending on:

• How hard the heart is pumping, 
• The overall blood volume, 
• And the resistance in the blood vessels. 

For example, inactive or stressful situations, the heart beats faster, and the blood vessels narrow, temporarily raising blood pressure. 

 How does the condition of hypertension develop? 

Healthy blood vessels do have a bit of giving or elasticity, like a rubber band, that allows them to cope with changes in blood pressure. 

Risk Factors:

However,  different risk factors reduce this elasticity and increase resistance in the blood vessels,  leading to persistently high blood pressure. These risk factors include:

• Increasing age, 
• A poor diet,
• Smoking,
• Drinking too much alcohol,  
• Being overweight, 
• Physical inactivity, 
• Ethnic  background
• Family history.

Causes:

 High blood pressure can also be related to, or directly caused by,  other health conditions, or certain medications. 

Why is high blood pressure bad for our health? 

It is often called a ‘silent killer because it doesn’t usually cause symptoms on its own. However, over time high blood pressure strains the blood vessels and leads to tiny tears within the blood vessel walls. These tears increase the risk of fatty build-up or clots, which can narrow or block the blood vessel. If this happens in the brain it can lead to a stroke, in the heart, it can lead to a heart attack, and in the kidneys, it can lead to kidney disease. Also, as the heart has to work harder to pump blood around the body, it can also lead to heart failure.

BP  Measuring:

Blood pressure is measured using a blood pressure cuff as it is inflated around the upper arm,  and readings can be taken either manually or electronically. As blood pressure fluctuates from moment to moment, several readings are needed over time, to get a reliable measure.  Electronic kits can be easily used at home for regular monitoring.

How Monitoring:

 If high blood pressure is diagnosed, a doctor may arrange further tests to check for risk factors and signs of damage.

How can blood pressure be treated and controlled? 

There are many lifestyle changes that can help maintain healthy blood pressure. These include:  

• Eating healthy foods, with less processed salty food and more fruit and vegetables.  
• Being more active. 
• Maintaining a healthy weight. 
• Not smoking and reducing alcohol intake.

BP Medications:

Doctors may also recommend one or more medications to control blood pressure.

•  Some work on the heart, reducing the speed and strength of the heartbeat. 
•  Others work on the kidney to lose more water, reducing blood volume. 
• And many work directly or indirectly on the blood vessels themselves,  causing them to relax and widen.

 Side Effects:

 Each type of medication may lead to different side effects in some people – if these are troublesome, speak to your doctor who can suggest an alternative medication or change the dose. It’s important to take medication as prescribed and to monitor blood pressure regularly to check it is under control. High blood pressure is an important condition,  but it can be controlled, and it is also largely preventable. Adopting healthy habits now will help to prevent serious consequences later in life.

 

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